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Designing a High Frequency SMPs Transformer
If you are looking for a high frequency power supply, then you should consider using a high frequency SMPS transformer. This type of transformer provides ohmic isolation between the source voltage and the load. In addition, it can be used to convert unregulated DC voltage into regulated DC voltage. These devices are often used in high-frequency inverters, welding machines, and other applications. They are also useful in commercial electronic networks.
Several aspects need to be considered when designing a high frequency SMPS. One of them is choosing the right type of magnetic core. The key factor in choosing the best one for your application is the voltage that can be supported by the magnetic core. You can use the E-type core, if you want to create a small SMPS, or you can opt for a ferrite core, if you need a high-power SMPS.
Another aspect to consider is the size of the power transformer. A typical SMPS is designed to provide 10 W of load power. This means that the transformer is a critical component of the device. It affects the volume and efficiency of the device. For this reason, the choice of the power transformer is very important.
Another important aspect is the type of wire that is used to wind over the core. There are four main types of wires, including bobbins, strands, wire, and copper foil. Each of these wires has a different effect on the induced voltage in the core.
Copper foil is a good substitute for a wire in a SMPS. However, it has a large surface area. As a result, it has high-voltage insulation over its copper conductor.
A high-frequency AC supply can increase the effective resistance of the wire. This is because of the skin effect. This is when the current tends to flow in the outermost part of the wire at higher frequencies. Moreover, it is important to place the output capacitor near the load terminals. Placing it at the far end of the device may cause errors.
Another feature to consider is the hysteresis. The hysteresis curve can be very useful for determining the input current limits. Hysteresis is a loss that occurs when a current flows in a conductor. At a high frequency, the induced voltage in the core increases and decreases with changes in the current. Therefore, if the induced voltage is confined to a small area in the core, the losses will be lower.
To ensure that you choose the right SMPS transformer, it is crucial to study its characteristics. For example, it can have a different number of coils or have a different winding direction. Also, its design will depend on its operating mode. Most SMPS topologies employ a 2-coil transformer, but you can also use a 3-coil transformer to achieve multiple outputs.
The main material requirements for a high-frequency SMPS are a low core loss pFe and a high saturation flux density Bs. Among these, a nanocrystalline material has superior temperature stability and exhibits exceptionally low losses.